Symbols / NKTR
NKTR Chart
About
Nektar Therapeutics, a biopharmaceutical company, focuses on discovering and developing therapies that selectively modulate the immune system to treat autoimmune disorders in the United States and internationally. It develops NKTR-358, a regulatory T (Treg) cell stimulator designed to address the imbalance in the immune system underlying autoimmune disorders and chronic inflammatory conditions; PEG-CSF1, a polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified hematopoietic colony stimulating factor protein that is engineered to selectively modulate resolution processes of inflammation and has applications in a number of therapeutic indications, including acute and chronic inflammation; Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor type II (TNFR2) agonist asset is a bivalent antibody molecule used to selectively stimulate TNFR2 receptor activity, without modulation of the TNFR1 signaling; and NKTR-255, an IL-15 receptor agonist designed to boost the immune system's natural ability to fight cancer. It has collaboration agreements with Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Ltd.; AstraZeneca AB; UCB Pharma; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd; Bausch Health Companies Inc.; Pfizer Inc.; UCB Pharma (Biogen); Bristol-Myers Squibb Company; Merck KGaA; and SFJ Pharmaceuticals, Inc. The company was incorporated in 1990 and is headquartered in San Francisco, California.
Fundamentals
Scroll to Statements| Sector | Healthcare | Industry | Biotechnology | Market Cap | 2.00B |
| Enterprise Value | 1.29B | Income | -120.74M | Sales | 62.60M |
| Book/sh | 4.33 | Cash/sh | 13.28 | Dividend Yield | — |
| Payout | 0.00% | Employees | 61 | IPO | — |
| P/E | — | Forward P/E | -6.09 | PEG | — |
| P/S | 31.91 | P/B | 16.49 | P/C | — |
| EV/EBITDA | -9.53 | EV/Sales | 20.59 | Quick Ratio | 4.09 |
| Current Ratio | 4.24 | Debt/Eq | 196.37 | LT Debt/Eq | — |
| EPS (ttm) | -9.83 | EPS next Y | -11.72 | EPS Growth | — |
| Revenue Growth | -51.10% | Earnings | 2026-03-11 | ROA | -27.98% |
| ROE | -180.24% | ROIC | — | Gross Margin | 87.26% |
| Oper. Margin | -267.45% | Profit Margin | -192.87% | Shs Outstand | 27.98M |
| Shs Float | 19.08M | Short Float | 16.46% | Short Ratio | 4.50 |
| Short Interest | — | 52W High | 74.89 | 52W Low | 6.45 |
| Beta | 1.33 | Avg Volume | 1.09M | Volume | 111.78K |
| Target Price | $129.86 | Recom | Strong_buy | Prev Close | $68.42 |
| Price | $71.39 | Change | 4.34% |
Valuation Models
Price estimates from analyst targets and simple models.
1. Analyst consensus
$129.86
Mean price target
2. Current target
$70.51
Latest analyst target
3. DCF / Fair value
$-36.74
Simplified: (Free Cash Flow ÷ Shares) × 18 (P/FCF multiple). Not a …
Ratings
Current target
$70.51
Low
$102.00
High
$165.00
Mean
$129.86
Latest analyst rating changes
| Date | Action | Analyst | Rating Change | Price Target |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-23 | reit | B. Riley Securities | Buy → Buy | $150 |
| 2026-02-10 | main | HC Wainwright & Co. | Buy → Buy | $165 |
| 2026-02-10 | main | BTIG | Buy → Buy | $151 |
| 2026-01-29 | reit | BTIG | Buy → Buy | $118 |
| 2025-12-16 | main | HC Wainwright & Co. | Buy → Buy | $135 |
| 2025-12-16 | main | BTIG | Buy → Buy | $118 |
| 2025-11-26 | init | Citigroup | — → Buy | $102 |
| 2025-11-26 | main | Jefferies | Buy → Buy | $121 |
| 2025-09-23 | main | B. Riley Securities | Buy → Buy | $105 |
| 2025-09-19 | reit | BTIG | Buy → Buy | $100 |
| 2025-07-08 | main | B. Riley Securities | Buy → Buy | $85 |
| 2025-06-24 | main | HC Wainwright & Co. | Buy → Buy | $120 |
| 2025-04-11 | up | Jefferies | Hold → Buy | $2 |
| 2025-03-14 | up | Oppenheimer | Perform → Outperform | $6 |
| 2025-03-13 | reit | HC Wainwright & Co. | Buy → Buy | $7 |
| 2025-02-25 | reit | HC Wainwright & Co. | Buy → Buy | $7 |
| 2025-01-13 | reit | HC Wainwright & Co. | Buy → Buy | $7 |
| 2025-01-08 | init | B. Riley Securities | — → Buy | $4 |
| 2024-11-04 | init | Piper Sandler | — → Overweight | $7 |
| 2024-03-06 | main | Jefferies | Hold → Hold | $1 |
- Back-to-back investor conferences send Nektar to Boston and Miami - Stock Titan ue, 24 Feb 2026 23
- Nektar Therapeutics Announces Pricing of Upsized $400 Million Public Offering - PR Newswire hu, 12 Feb 2026 03
- Nektar Therapeutics to Participate in Two Investor Conferences in March - Finviz ue, 24 Feb 2026 23
- NKTR stock skyrockets: Wall Street sees up to 200% upside as skin trial crushes even bull-case forecasts - MSN Sat, 21 Feb 2026 18
- A Look At Nektar Therapeutics (NKTR) Valuation After New UCSF Multiple Sclerosis Collaboration - simplywall.st Mon, 23 Feb 2026 15
- Can NKTR Stock Sustain Its 1,000% Rally? - Forbes Fri, 13 Feb 2026 08
- Nektar Therapeutics (NKTR) Receives Positive Analyst Rating Upgr - GuruFocus Mon, 23 Feb 2026 17
- Nektar Stock: $400M Dilution And A Make-Or-Break Phase 3 - Trefis Fri, 13 Feb 2026 14
- Nektar (NKTR) Soars 51.1%: Is Further Upside Left in the Stock? - Yahoo Finance Wed, 11 Feb 2026 08
- Nektar’s stock rises 51% on Phase II Rezpeg AD maintenance win - Clinical Trials Arena Wed, 11 Feb 2026 08
- Here's Why Nektar Therapeutics Stock Rocketed 90.6% Higher in September - The Motley Fool Sun, 05 Oct 2025 07
- Biotech Nektar seeks $300M to fund drug trials and development - Stock Titan ue, 10 Feb 2026 08
- Nektar Therapeutics Announces Proposed Public Offering - PR Newswire ue, 10 Feb 2026 08
- Nektar Therapeutics (NASDAQ:NKTR) Analysts Are Pretty Bullish On The Stock After Recent Results - Yahoo Finance Mon, 10 Nov 2025 08
- Nektar Therapeutics Announces Closing of $460 Million Public Offering Including Full Exercise of Underwriters' Option to Purchase Additional Shares - PR Newswire Fri, 13 Feb 2026 21
Insider Transactions
| Date | Shares | Value | Url | Text | Insider | Position | Transaction | Start Date | Ownership |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 180 | 13140.0 | — | Sale at price 73.00 per share. | ZALEVSKY JONATHAN | Officer | — | 2026-02-18 00:00:00 | D |
| 1 | 423 | 30879.0 | — | Sale at price 73.00 per share. | ROBIN HOWARD W | Chief Executive Officer | — | 2026-02-18 00:00:00 | D |
| 2 | 3867 | 137936.0 | — | Sale at price 35.67 per share. | ZALEVSKY JONATHAN | Officer | — | 2026-01-20 00:00:00 | D |
| 3 | 6250 | — | — | Stock Award(Grant) at price 0.00 per share. | ZALEVSKY JONATHAN | Officer | — | 2025-12-22 00:00:00 | D |
| 4 | 21667 | — | — | Stock Award(Grant) at price 0.00 per share. | ROBIN HOWARD W | Chief Executive Officer | — | 2025-12-22 00:00:00 | D |
| 5 | 1157 | 62802.0 | — | Sale at price 54.28 per share. | ZALEVSKY JONATHAN | Officer | — | 2025-11-25 00:00:00 | D |
| 6 | 630 | 34196.0 | — | Sale at price 54.28 per share. | WILSON MARK ANDREW | Officer | — | 2025-11-25 00:00:00 | D |
| 7 | 2207 | 119796.0 | — | Sale at price 54.28 per share. | ROBIN HOWARD W | Chief Executive Officer | — | 2025-11-25 00:00:00 | D |
| 8 | 2666 | — | — | Stock Award(Grant) at price 0.00 per share. | ZALEVSKY JONATHAN | Officer | — | 2025-11-21 00:00:00 | D |
| 9 | 1903 | — | — | Stock Award(Grant) at price 0.00 per share. | WILSON MARK ANDREW | Officer | — | 2025-11-21 00:00:00 | D |
Financials
| Line Item | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2021-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TaxEffectOfUnusualItems | 49.56K | -93.00K | -21.53M | -2.17M |
| TaxRateForCalcs | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.21 | 0.27 |
| NormalizedEBITDA | -111.42M | -114.65M | -220.54M | -453.80M |
| TotalUnusualItems | 24.72M | -128.46M | -102.50M | -8.02M |
| TotalUnusualItemsExcludingGoodwill | 24.72M | -128.46M | -102.50M | -8.02M |
| NetIncomeFromContinuingOperationNetMinorityInterest | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| ReconciledDepreciation | 4.39M | 7.82M | 13.03M | 14.15M |
| ReconciledCostOfRevenue | 30.69M | 33.77M | 21.64M | 24.90M |
| EBITDA | -86.70M | -243.11M | -323.04M | -461.82M |
| EBIT | -91.09M | -250.92M | -336.07M | -475.97M |
| NetInterestIncome | -13.61M | -6.33M | -22.13M | -44.58M |
| InterestExpense | 28.11M | 25.33M | 28.91M | 47.31M |
| InterestIncome | 14.50M | 19.01M | 6.78M | 2.73M |
| NormalizedIncome | -143.63M | -147.69M | -287.22M | -517.98M |
| NetIncomeFromContinuingAndDiscontinuedOperation | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| TotalExpenses | 228.34M | 225.35M | 332.29M | 548.01M |
| TotalOperatingIncomeAsReported | -105.20M | -263.68M | -376.17M | -446.10M |
| DilutedAverageShares | 13.71M | 12.67M | 12.48M | 12.22M |
| BasicAverageShares | 13.71M | 12.67M | 12.48M | 12.22M |
| DilutedEPS | -8.70 | -21.75 | -29.55 | -42.90 |
| BasicEPS | -8.70 | -21.75 | -29.55 | -42.90 |
| DilutedNIAvailtoComStockholders | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| NetIncomeCommonStockholders | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| NetIncome | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| NetIncomeIncludingNoncontrollingInterests | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| NetIncomeContinuousOperations | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
| TaxProvision | -239.00K | -200.00K | 3.21M | 557.00K |
| PretaxIncome | -119.20M | -276.26M | -364.98M | -523.28M |
| OtherIncomeExpense | 24.33M | -134.71M | -102.62M | -32.59M |
| OtherNonOperatingIncomeExpenses | -390.00K | -6.25M | -116.00K | -24.57M |
| SpecialIncomeCharges | 24.72M | -128.46M | -135.93M | 0.00 |
| GainOnSaleOfPPE | 0.00 | -1.30M | 3.33M | |
| GainOnSaleOfBusiness | 40.39M | 0.00 | ||
| OtherSpecialCharges | 10.90M | |||
| WriteOff | 0.00 | |||
| ImpairmentOfCapitalAssets | 8.33M | 111.83M | 65.76M | 0.00 |
| RestructuringAndMergernAcquisition | 7.34M | 15.33M | 73.50M | 0.00 |
| GainOnSaleOfSecurity | 33.43M | -8.02M | ||
| NetNonOperatingInterestIncomeExpense | -13.61M | -6.33M | -22.13M | -44.58M |
| InterestExpenseNonOperating | 28.11M | 25.33M | 28.91M | 47.31M |
| InterestIncomeNonOperating | 14.50M | 19.01M | 6.78M | 2.73M |
| OperatingIncome | -129.92M | -135.22M | -240.24M | -446.10M |
| OperatingExpense | 197.66M | 191.58M | 310.66M | 523.11M |
| ResearchAndDevelopment | 120.91M | 114.16M | 218.32M | 400.27M |
| SellingGeneralAndAdministration | 76.75M | 77.42M | 92.33M | 122.84M |
| GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense | 76.75M | 77.42M | 92.33M | 122.84M |
| OtherGandA | 76.75M | 77.42M | 92.33M | 122.84M |
| GrossProfit | 67.74M | 56.35M | 70.42M | 77.01M |
| CostOfRevenue | 30.69M | 33.77M | 21.64M | 24.90M |
| TotalRevenue | 98.43M | 90.12M | 92.06M | 101.91M |
| OperatingRevenue | 98.43M | 90.12M | 92.06M | 101.91M |
| Line Item | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TreasurySharesNumber | 552.33K | 0.00 | ||
| OrdinarySharesNumber | 12.39M | 12.76M | 12.57M | 12.36M |
| ShareIssued | 12.94M | 12.76M | 12.57M | 12.36M |
| TotalDebt | 102.56M | 117.78M | 131.50M | 143.18M |
| TangibleBookValue | 60.74M | 130.99M | 290.14M | 603.01M |
| InvestedCapital | 60.74M | 130.99M | 366.64M | 679.51M |
| WorkingCapital | 199.89M | 279.43M | 477.76M | 710.38M |
| NetTangibleAssets | 60.74M | 130.99M | 290.14M | 603.01M |
| CapitalLeaseObligations | 102.56M | 117.78M | 131.50M | 143.18M |
| CommonStockEquity | 60.74M | 130.99M | 366.64M | 679.51M |
| TotalCapitalization | 60.74M | 130.99M | 366.64M | 679.51M |
| TotalEquityGrossMinorityInterest | 60.74M | 130.99M | 366.64M | 679.51M |
| StockholdersEquity | 60.74M | 130.99M | 366.64M | 679.51M |
| GainsLossesNotAffectingRetainedEarnings | 61.00K | 80.00K | -6.91M | -4.16M |
| OtherEquityAdjustments | 61.00K | 80.00K | -6.91M | -4.16M |
| TreasuryStock | 3.00M | 0.00 | ||
| RetainedEarnings | -3.60B | -3.48B | -3.20B | -2.83B |
| AdditionalPaidInCapital | 3.66B | 3.61B | 3.57B | 3.52B |
| CapitalStock | 19.00K | 19.00K | 19.00K | 19.00K |
| CommonStock | 19.00K | 19.00K | 19.00K | 19.00K |
| PreferredStock | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| TotalLiabilitiesNetMinorityInterest | 243.11M | 267.05M | 343.96M | 437.68M |
| TotalNonCurrentLiabilitiesNetMinorityInterest | 181.71M | 215.78M | 275.76M | 352.48M |
| OtherNonCurrentLiabilities | 99.02M | 117.26M | 162.93M | 199.02M |
| DerivativeProductLiabilities | 0.00 | 27.73M | ||
| LongTermDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligation | 82.70M | 98.52M | 112.83M | 125.74M |
| LongTermCapitalLeaseObligation | 82.70M | 98.52M | 112.83M | 125.74M |
| CurrentLiabilities | 61.40M | 51.27M | 68.20M | 85.20M |
| CurrentDebtAndCapitalLeaseObligation | 19.87M | 19.26M | 18.67M | 17.44M |
| CurrentCapitalLeaseObligation | 19.87M | 19.26M | 18.67M | 17.44M |
| PensionandOtherPostRetirementBenefitPlansCurrent | 5.55M | 5.55M | 9.58M | 15.73M |
| PayablesAndAccruedExpenses | 35.98M | 26.46M | 39.95M | 52.02M |
| CurrentAccruedExpenses | 24.42M | 16.61M | 26.98M | 42.28M |
| Payables | 11.56M | 9.85M | 12.98M | 9.75M |
| AccountsPayable | 11.56M | 9.85M | 12.98M | 9.75M |
| TotalAssets | 303.85M | 398.03M | 710.60M | 1.12B |
| TotalNonCurrentAssets | 42.56M | 67.33M | 164.63M | 321.61M |
| OtherNonCurrentAssets | 4.65M | 4.64M | 2.25M | 2.74M |
| InvestmentsAndAdvances | 26.09M | 25.82M | 0.00 | 64.83M |
| OtherInvestments | 13.87M | 25.82M | ||
| LongTermEquityInvestment | 12.22M | 0.00 | ||
| InvestmentsInOtherVenturesUnderEquityMethod | 12.22M | 0.00 | ||
| GoodwillAndOtherIntangibleAssets | 0.00 | 76.50M | 76.50M | |
| Goodwill | 0.00 | 76.50M | 76.50M | |
| NetPPE | 11.82M | 36.86M | 85.89M | 177.53M |
| AccumulatedDepreciation | -15.91M | -86.90M | -124.73M | -148.04M |
| GrossPPE | 27.73M | 123.76M | 210.62M | 325.57M |
| ConstructionInProgress | 245.00K | 739.00K | 2.53M | 7.16M |
| OtherProperties | 8.96M | 56.86M | 102.73M | 182.10M |
| MachineryFurnitureEquipment | 14.64M | 22.98M | 30.47M | 38.92M |
| Properties | 3.88M | 43.18M | 74.89M | 97.39M |
| CurrentAssets | 261.29M | 330.70M | 545.97M | 795.58M |
| OtherCurrentAssets | 15.81M | 23.33M | ||
| PrepaidAssets | 4.46M | 8.73M | 13.38M | 23.33M |
| Inventory | 0.00 | 16.10M | 19.20M | 15.80M |
| FinishedGoods | 0.00 | 1.36M | 5.88M | 3.29M |
| WorkInProcess | 0.00 | 12.88M | 10.75M | 9.34M |
| RawMaterials | 0.00 | 1.86M | 2.58M | 3.17M |
| Receivables | 1.61M | 2.25M | 8.40M | 22.49M |
| OtherReceivables | 1.61M | 1.05M | 2.42M | |
| AccountsReceivable | 0.00 | 1.21M | 5.98M | 22.49M |
| CashCashEquivalentsAndShortTermInvestments | 255.23M | 303.62M | 504.98M | 733.96M |
| OtherShortTermInvestments | 210.97M | 268.34M | 416.75M | 708.74M |
| CashAndCashEquivalents | 44.25M | 35.28M | 88.23M | 25.22M |
| CashEquivalents | 23.97M | |||
| CashFinancial | 1.25M |
| Line Item | 2024-12-31 | 2023-12-31 | 2022-12-31 | 2021-12-31 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FreeCashFlow | -177.18M | -193.47M | -309.68M | -427.65M |
| RepurchaseOfCapitalStock | -3.00M | 0.00 | ||
| RepaymentOfDebt | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| IssuanceOfDebt | 0.00 | |||
| CapitalExpenditure | -1.47M | -865.00K | -5.68M | -14.99M |
| InterestPaidSupplementalData | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| IncomeTaxPaidSupplementalData | 76.00K | 2.66M | 272.00K | 325.00K |
| EndCashPosition | 44.25M | 35.28M | 88.23M | 25.22M |
| BeginningCashPosition | 35.28M | 88.23M | 25.22M | 198.96M |
| EffectOfExchangeRateChanges | -4.00K | 62.00K | -327.00K | -92.00K |
| ChangesInCash | 8.98M | -53.01M | 63.34M | -173.65M |
| FinancingCashFlow | 42.12M | 30.00K | 1.51M | 36.24M |
| CashFlowFromContinuingFinancingActivities | 42.12M | 30.00K | 1.51M | 36.24M |
| NetOtherFinancingCharges | 15.00M | 750.00K | 3.00M | |
| ProceedsFromStockOptionExercised | 30.12M | 30.00K | 758.00K | 33.24M |
| NetCommonStockIssuance | -3.00M | 0.00 | ||
| CommonStockPayments | -3.00M | 0.00 | ||
| NetIssuancePaymentsOfDebt | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| NetShortTermDebtIssuance | 0.00 | |||
| ShortTermDebtIssuance | 0.00 | |||
| NetLongTermDebtIssuance | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| LongTermDebtPayments | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||
| InvestingCashFlow | 142.57M | 139.56M | 365.83M | 202.78M |
| CashFlowFromContinuingInvestingActivities | 142.57M | 139.56M | 365.83M | 202.78M |
| NetInvestmentPurchaseAndSale | 78.65M | 139.18M | 358.31M | 217.77M |
| SaleOfInvestment | 340.36M | 650.88M | 826.23M | 1.18B |
| PurchaseOfInvestment | -261.71M | -511.70M | -467.91M | -960.69M |
| NetBusinessPurchaseAndSale | 65.39M | 0.00 | ||
| SaleOfBusiness | 65.39M | 0.00 | ||
| NetPPEPurchaseAndSale | -1.47M | 380.00K | 7.52M | -14.99M |
| SaleOfPPE | 0.00 | 1.25M | 13.20M | 0.00 |
| PurchaseOfPPE | -1.47M | -865.00K | -5.68M | -14.99M |
| OperatingCashFlow | -175.71M | -192.61M | -304.01M | -412.66M |
| CashFlowFromContinuingOperatingActivities | -175.71M | -192.61M | -304.01M | -412.66M |
| ChangeInWorkingCapital | -6.24M | -19.94M | 492.00K | -22.97M |
| ChangeInOtherWorkingCapital | -12.90M | -8.85M | -2.68M | 2.34M |
| ChangeInOtherCurrentAssets | -4.19M | 3.58M | 6.91M | -2.59M |
| ChangeInPayablesAndAccruedExpense | 13.40M | -20.15M | -16.84M | -34.62M |
| ChangeInAccruedExpense | 10.73M | -17.26M | -19.95M | -22.93M |
| ChangeInPayable | 2.67M | -2.88M | 3.10M | -11.69M |
| ChangeInAccountPayable | 2.67M | -2.88M | 3.10M | -11.69M |
| ChangeInInventory | 497.00K | 699.00K | -3.40M | -509.00K |
| ChangeInReceivables | -3.04M | 4.78M | 16.51M | 12.40M |
| ChangesInAccountReceivables | -3.04M | 4.78M | 16.51M | 12.40M |
| OtherNonCashItems | -36.16M | -43.59M | -35.93M | 10.68M |
| StockBasedCompensation | 21.61M | 33.39M | 57.32M | 94.67M |
| ProvisionandWriteOffofAssets | 949.00K | 2.40M | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| AssetImpairmentCharge | 8.33M | 111.83M | 65.76M | 0.00 |
| AmortizationOfSecurities | -9.24M | -14.86M | -2.44M | 6.73M |
| DeferredTax | -140.00K | 2.71M | -102.00K | |
| DeferredIncomeTax | -140.00K | 2.71M | -102.00K | |
| DepreciationAmortizationDepletion | 4.39M | 7.82M | 13.03M | 14.15M |
| DepreciationAndAmortization | 4.39M | 7.82M | 13.03M | 14.15M |
| OperatingGainsLosses | -40.39M | 6.40M | -36.75M | 8.02M |
| GainLossOnInvestmentSecurities | -33.43M | 8.02M | ||
| NetForeignCurrencyExchangeGainLoss | 0.00 | 5.10M | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| GainLossOnSaleOfPPE | 0.00 | 1.30M | -3.33M | 0.00 |
| GainLossOnSaleOfBusiness | -40.39M | 0.00 | ||
| NetIncomeFromContinuingOperations | -118.96M | -276.06M | -368.20M | -523.84M |
SEC Filings
Recent 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, and Form 4 (insider) filings.
Public Trades for NKTR
| Date | User | Asset | Broker | Type | Position Size | Entry Price | Patterns |
|---|